Mugihe uri mubikorwa byo kumurika ibibanza nkuwabikoze, uwashushanyije urumuri, uwagabanije, cyangwa umwubatsi wububiko, uzakenera kenshi kwifashisha dosiye ya plan ya IES ya fotometrike kugirango wumve umusaruro nyawo wumucyo na lumen kumashanyarazi wifuza gushyira mubikoresho byawe ibishushanyo.Kuri twese mubikorwa byo kumurika hanze, iyi ngingo iradufasha kumva neza uburyo bwo gusoma no gusesengura ibishushanyo mbonera byerekana amafoto.
Nkuko byavuzwe na Wikipedia mumagambo yoroshye nkibisobanuro byo gusobanukirwa optique;Photometrie Nubumenyi bwo gupima urumuri.Raporo yisesengura rya fotometrike nukuri ni urutoki rwukuntu urumuri rwa luminaire rutanga urumuri rwarwo rudasanzwe rwibicuruzwa.Kugirango dupime impande zose zumucyo zisohoka nuburemere ki (nanone bita buji cyangwa imbaraga za buji), tumenye isesengura rya luminaire itanga urumuri, dukoresha ikintu cyitwa aIndorerwamo Goniometerokudufasha kumenya ibi bintu bitandukanye byumucyo bisohoka mumbaraga nintera ugereranije nimiterere yabyo.Iki gikoresho gifata ubukana bwumucyo (candela) kandi gipima muburyo butandukanye.Intera kuva ku itara kugera kuri Goniometero igomba kuba metero 25 cyangwa nziza kugirango ubone igipimo gikwiye cya buji (ubukana).Kugirango isesengura rya Photometrike ya IES rikore neza, dutangira dupima buji cyangwa ingufu za buji kuri dogere 0 (zeru iri munsi yigitara cyangwa hepfo).Noneho twimura goniometero dogere 5 hanyuma tugakomeza kuyimura inshuro nyinshi, izindi dogere 5 zirenze buri gihe cyose kizenguruka luminaire kugirango dusome neza urumuri rusohoka.
UBURYO BWO KUMVA URUMURI RW'AMAFOTO HANZE MU BIKORWA BIKURIKIRA
Rimwe, tumaze kugenda hafi ya dogere 360, twimura goniometero hanyuma tugatangirira kuri dogere 45 kuva aho twatangiriye tugasubiramo inzira.Ukurikije urumuri rwimiterere, dushobora kubikora muburyo butandukanye kugirango dufate neza ibisubizo nyabyo bya lumen.Imbonerahamwe ya buji, cyangwa amashanyarazi ya buji, ikozwe muri ayo makuru kandi ikoreshwa mugukora ayo madosiye ya IES Photometric dukoresha munganda zimurika.Kuri buri mpande zitandukanye zumucyo, tuzabona ubukana butandukanye bwa luminaire ikunze kuba idasanzwe mubakora amatara.Icyitegererezo cyo gukwirakwiza urumuri noneho kirashirwaho, nanone cyitwa urumuri rwa buji, nacyo gitanga abashushanya amatara hamwe nabubatsi hamwe nuburyo bugaragara bwerekana urumuri rukwirakwizwa na luminaire binyuze muri optique, ibitambaro, nuburyo.
Iyo tugeze kure tubona kuva kuri zeru igipimo, niko urumuri rusohoka cyane.Imbonerahamwe yo gukwirakwiza buji ni umurongo wa candela ariko ugashyira muburyo bwa mbonerahamwe.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya fotometrike cyakozwe muri ubu bushakashatsi kirakubwira ako kanya niba ibyinshi muri flux (lumens, "flux yumucyo") bijya hejuru bikamanuka cyangwa kuruhande.
Imbonerahamwe yo gukoresha coefficient muri Photometrie irebaijanisha ryurumuri ruva mumatara agera kumurimomu mwanya runaka.Ikigereranyo cyimyanya yicyumba nikigereranyo cyinkuta hejuru ya horizontal cyangwa hasi kumurimo.Urukuta rukurura urumuri rwinshi.Nibindi bikurura, urumuri ntirugera aho urumuri ruri.Dufite kandi indangagaciro zo kwerekana kuri iyi mbonerahamwe isuzuma ijanisha ryo kugaragarira hasi, kurukuta, no hejuru.Niba inkuta ziri mubiti byijimye bitagaragaza urumuri neza, bivuze ko urumuri ruto rugaragarira kumurimo wacu.
Gusobanukirwa uburyo ibyo byose bisohora urumuri bikora kuri buri gicuruzwa, bituma uwashizeho urumuri ategura neza uburebure bwo gushyiramo itara nintera iri hagati yamatara kugirango amurikire neza ibibanza byo hanze kugirango yuzuze uwo mwanya urumuri rwagabanijwe.Hamwe naya makuru yose, igenamigambi nisesengura bizagufasha (cyangwa software) guhitamo byoroshye umubare ukwiye wa luminaire ukenewe kuri gahunda yumushinga wogushushanya cyane mugushira mubikorwa ingufu za wattage hamwe nurwego rusohoka kugirango ushireho urumuri rwiza ukoresheje ibisobanuro byerekana urwego rwurumuri buri mucyo uzerekana kububatsi igishushanyo mbonera cyumutungo.Ubu buryo bwo kumenya ibishushanyo mbonera byerekana amatara hamwe na gahunda yo kwishyiriraho, byemerera abanyamwuga nabashinzwe kugura imishinga minini yubwubatsi kugenzura neza no kumva amatara meza yo gushyira mumwanya runaka kubishushanyo mbonera byumutungo uhereye kububatsi, bishingiye kubisaranganya urumuri umurongo na lumens ibisohoka amakuru.
GAHUNDA Y’AMAFOTO YO KUMURIKA IES DIAGRAM AMABWIRIZA
Lumens:Luminous flux, yapimwe muri lumens (lm), numubare wuzuye wumucyo utangwa nisoko utitaye ku cyerekezo.Luminous flux itangwa nabakora itara kandi indangagaciro zisanzwe zashyizwe muri matrise.
Candela:Luminousubukana nabwo buvugwa nkaUmucyo, bipimye muri candela (cd), nubunini bwurumuri rwakozwe muburyo bwihariye.Igishushanyo, aya makuru yakusanyirijwe mubishushanyo mbonera byerekana ubukana bwurumuri kuri buri mpande kure ya 0 ̊ itara (nadir).Ibisobanuro byumubare nabyo biraboneka muburyo bwa mbonerahamwe.
Ibirenge:Kumurika, gupimirwa mu birenge (fc), ni igipimo cy'umucyo ugera hejuru.Ibintu bitatu bigira ingaruka kumurika nuburemere bwa luminaire mu cyerekezo cyubuso, intera kuva kuri luminaire kugera hejuru, hamwe nu mfuruka yumucyo uhageze.Nubwo kumurika bidashobora kuboneka n'amaso yacu, ni igipimo rusange gikoreshwa mugusobanura ibishushanyo.
Nyamuneka menya neza: Ibirenge nibisanzwe bipima gukoreshwa nabakozi babamurika kubara urwego rwumucyo mubucuruzi no hanze.Ikirenge cyasobanuwe nkumucyo hejuru ya metero kare imwe uhereye kumasoko amwe yumucyo.Sosiyete Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) irasaba ibipimo bikurikira byo kumurika no kurwego rwibirenge kugirango habeho kumurika bihagije n'umutekano kubabirimo.
Candelas / metero:Amatara apimye muri buji / metero ni ubwinshi bwurumuri rusiga hejuru.Nicyo ijisho ribona.Luminance izagaragaza byinshi kubyiza nubwiza bwigishushanyo kuruta kumurika wenyine.
Imbaraga za buji ya Centre (CBCP):Itara rya buji hagati ni urumuri rwinshi rwagati rwagati, rugaragarira muri buji (cd).
Umucyo:Ibikoresho byingirakamaro kumurika byihuse kugereranya no kubara, cones yumucyo ubara urwego rwambere rwikirenge cyurwego rumwe rushingiye kubuhanga bwo kubara.Ibipimo by'ibiti byegeranijwe kugera kuri kimwe cya kabiri cya metero.
Kumurika:Iyi cones yumucyo itanga imikorere imwe-imwe nta guhuza ibitekerezo bivuye hejuru.Ibyatanzwe kurutonde ni ukuzamuka uburebure, ibirenge byamaguru kuri nadir, hamwe nibisubizo bya diameter.
Kumurika byihuse:Ibishushanyo by'urumuri biva mu majwi ashobora guhinduka biterwa n'ubwoko bw'itara, wattage, itara ryegereye hamwe n'aho indege imurikirwa.Imikorere imwe-imwe yimikorere itangwa kubwindege zitambitse kandi zihagaritse, itara ryegamye kuri 0 ̊, 30 ̊, cyangwa 45 ̊ rigamije.
Intego yumucyo Intego:Igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana ibishushanyo mbonera byemerera uwashizeho guhitamo byoroshye intera ikwiye kurukuta kugirango abone luminaire kandi abone urumuri rwagati rwamatara aho ushaka.Kumurika ibihangano kurukuta, 30 ̊ intego irahitamo.Kuri iyi mfuruka, 1/3 cy'uburebure bw'igiti kizaba hejuru ya CB, naho 2/3 kizaba munsi yacyo.Rero, niba igishushanyo gifite uburebure bwa metero eshatu, teganya ko CB yerekanwe kuri metero 1 munsi yishusho.Kugirango hongerwe kwerekana ibintu bitatu-bingana, amatara abiri arakoreshwa, urumuri rwingenzi kandi rwuzuza urumuri.Byombi bigamije byibura 30 ̊ ubutumburuke kandi biherereye 45 ̊ kuruhande.
Gukaraba Urukuta Amakuru:Gukwirakwiza urukuta rudasanzwe rutangwa nubwoko bubiri bwimikorere.Imbonerahamwe imwe yimikorere ishushanya urwego rumurika kumurongo umwe wongeyeho hamwe no kurukuta.Igicapo cyibice byinshi byerekana imikorere yimikorere yo hagati yabazwe uhereye kumiterere ine.Indangagaciro za Illuminance zateguwe hagati yumurongo kandi zishyizwe hagati yibice.1.Indangagaciro za Illuminance ni cosine-yakosowe indangagaciro zambere.2.Nta cyumba cyo hejuru cyuzuzanya kigira uruhare mu kumurika indangagaciro.3.Guhindura intera yibice bizagira ingaruka kumurongo.
IMBARAGA NYAKURI ZA LANDSCAPE ZIMURIKIRA IBICURUZWA BITANDUKANYE
Kumva uburyo urumuri rwapimwe neza kandi rugasesengurwa burigihe ningirakamaro mubikorwa byo kumurika hanze.Mugihe dukoresha amatara kumishinga minini, tugomba nanone gutegura mbere kandi tukumva ko dutegura neza gahunda zacu zo kumurika kugirango zidufashe kumenya hakiri kare, amatara tuzashyira aho, hamwe nangahe tuzashyiraho intera runaka kugirango tubone urumuri rukwiye.Niyo mpamvu muri Garden Light LED ingofero zacu zijya muri laboratoire zimurika, abajenjeri ba IES hamwe na Intertek kubikoresho byo kumurika amashanyarazi make bigamije guha inganda zacu ibisomwa nyabyo byo gupima urumuri rwiza kandi biduha amakuru abanyamwuga bashobora gukoresha gushiraho uburyo bunoze bwo kumurika mugihe ufata ibyemezo byo kugura ubwenge.
Niba urimo kugura amatara yo hanze, buri gihe turasaba ko twakwitegereza benshi mubandi bagurisha bitwaza ko ari ababikora bavuga umusaruro mwinshi wa lumen ku giciro gito, kubera ko mu kigo cyacu ibizamini bya fotometrike, ibyo bindi bikoresho bitanga urumuri biturutse kumatara menshi ya voltage ntoya. Ibirango muri Amerika no mumahanga, biragabanuka cyane kubyo byatangajwe kandi ingufu zisaba ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga hamwe nibicuruzwa byabo bitumizwa mu mahanga.
Mugihe ushakisha amatara meza nyaburanga hanze, turaguha ikaze kugirango utwandikire kandi tuzanezezwa no gushyira rimwe mumatara yacu yo mu rwego rwumwuga mu ntoki kugirango dukore igereranya ryukuri!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-08-2021